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HISTORY OF THE NAME NOLAN

11/16/2012

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THE HISTORY OF THE IRISH NAME
NOLAN


Nolan, seldom found nowadays with its legitimate prefix O, is the name of a sept of great antiquity which has always been associated with that part of Ireland which lies around the barony of Forth in Co. Carlow (not to be confused with the better known Forth in Co. Wexford). In pre-Norman days their chiefs, who held  high hereditary office under the Kings of Leinster, were known as Princes of Poharta (modern Forth). After the invasion, though their power declined, they retained considerable influence.

In the sixteenth century a branch of the Nolans migrated to Connacht and became extensive landowners in Counties Mayo and Galway, in which counties the name is not uncommon to-day. Nolan is among the forty most numerous names in the country as a whole, the great majority of persons so called being found, as might be expected, in Carlow and the adjacent counties. In 1878, however, Connacht landlords named Nolan possessed over 12,000 acres; but there was no extensive landowner of the name in or near Co. Carlow. There was also a small sept of O’ Nuallain belonging to the Corca Laidhe group. (Possibly the Nolans of west Munster to-day stem from them). These, however, for some reason not apparent, were often called O huallachain -thus in Lynch’s De Praesulibus (1672) the two names are treated as interchangeable. In this connection it may be mentioned that, according to Woulfe, O huallachain is anglicized Nolan in north Connacht

In Irish the name is O Nuallain, i.e. descendant of Nuallan.  The derivation of the name is obscure. The word nuallan in modern Irish means a shout or cry, but it does not follow that the name comes from that.

In recent centuries few Nolans stand out as being particularly distinguished but several not unimportant persons of the name may be mentioned. Philip Nolan (1771-1801), an Irish emigrant to America, was one of the most notorious frontiers­men and contraband traders of those early days in the West; Most Rev. Edward Nolan (d. 1859), was Bishop of Kildare and Leighlin; two Nolans had some success in the literary field, viz. Rev. Frederick Nolan (1784-1864) as a Protestant theologian and Michael Nolan (d. 1827) as a legal writer; John Philip Nolan (1838-1912), of the Co. Galway Nolans, is remembered not so much as a soldier as for his political career during which he came into conflict with the notorious Judge Keogh and took the part of Parnell at the split of the Irish Parliamentary Party.


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HISTORY OF THE NAME WALSH

11/16/2012

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Only three surnames; Murphy, Kelly and Sullivan, exceed Walsh in numerical strength among the population of Ireland. It is found in every county and is par­ticularly strong in Mayo, where it has first place, and also in Galway, Cork, Wexford, Waterford and Kilkenny. The last area is that most closely associated with the Walshes, where they have given their name to the Walsh Mountains in Co. Kilkenny. The name originated as a result of the Anglo-or, more properly, the Cambro-Norman, invasion, and simply means the Welshman, in Irish Breathnach, which was sometimes anglicized phonetically as Brannagh not,however, as Brannock, a name of different though somewhat similar origin. The first to be so called is said to have been Haylen Brenach, alias Walsh, son of “Philip the Welshman”, one of the invaders of 1172. Unlike many of the Anglo-Norman families such as Burke, Fitzgerald, Roche etc., which have since become exclusively identified with Ireland, the Walshes did not all spring from one or two known ancestors, but the name was given independently to many of the newcomers and, perhaps in consequence of this; no clearly defined Hiberno-Norman sept of Walsh was formed on the Gaelic Irish model, as happened with a number of those other families. Nevertheless the Walshes of the south-eastern part of Ireland are mostly descended from the Philip mentioned above and from his brother David; and the leading members of this family established themselves as landed gentry at Castlehowel (Co. Kilkenny), at Ballykileavan (Co. Leix), at Ballyrichmore (Co. Waterford) and also at Bray and Carrickmines near Dublin. References to men of the name are very numerous in both national and local records: they appear as sheriffs, judges, army officers etc., usually on the side of the King (which of course meant attainder in the seventeenth century) but not always-two for example were killed “in rebellion against Queen Elizabeth”.

The pedigree of the Tirawley (Mayo) Walshes was compiled by Lawrence Walsh in 1588. He states that they are descended from Walynus, a Welshman who came to Ireland with Maurice Fitzgerald in 1169 and that this man’s brother Barrett was the progenitor of the Barretts of Tirawley.

The many famous bearers of the name include Rev. Peter Walsh (1618-1688), pro-Ormond opponent of Rinnuccini and author of “The Loyal Remonstrance,” for which he was excommunicated and expelled from the Franciscan Order; John Walsh who in 1604 wrote the beautiful Gaelic” Lament for Oliver Grace” ; Edward Walsh (1805-1850), and John Walsh (1835-1881), both National School teachers and poets; Most Rev. William John Walsh (1841-1921), one of the most distinguished of all the Archbishops of Dublin. The Churches have had many other Walshes of note: among them Most Rev. Thomas Walsh (1580-1654), the much persecuted Archbishop of Cashel whose active career occupies many pages of the Wadding (Franciscan) papers; and Most Rev. John Walsh (1830-1898), Catholic Archbishop of Toronto, who promoted the Irish Race Convention after the Parnell Split, as well as several Protestant bishops, notably the Rt. Rev. Nicholas Walsh of Waterford, who was murdered in 1585 by a man whom he had rebuked, and is remembered as the man who introduced Irish type to the native printing press in connection with his unfinished translation into Irish of the New Testament. The Walsh family of St. Malo and Nantes has had a distinguished history in France since its establish­ment there at the end of the seventeenth century, many of its members being notable in war, politics and literature. The first emigrant was Philip Walsh (1666-1708), shipbuilder and privateer, his father being the James Walsh, of Bailynacooly in the Walsh Mountains, Co. Kilkenny, who commanded the ship which brought James II to France after the Battle of the Boyne. Judge John Edwards Walsh (1816-1869), was the author of a well-known book Ireland Sixty Years Ago, published in 1847. Many Irish-American Walshes have also made their mark, of whom the best known were Blanche Walshe (1873-1915), actress, and Henry Collins Walsh (1863-1927), explorer.

The ubiquity of the Walshes in Ireland is illustrated by the place names Walsh-town, Walshpark etc., of which there are twenty-four in thirteen counties as far apart as Down, Mayo and Cork, while the name, in more Irish guise, as Ballybrannagh and Ballinabrannagh, appears in Counties Carlow, Down, Cork and Kerry.


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